The Vaisheshika school was founded by Kanada in the 6th Century B.C., and it is atomist and pluralist in nature. The basis of the school’s philosophy is that all objects in the physical universe are reducible to a finite number of atoms, and Brahman is regarded as the fundamental force that causes consciousness in these atoms. The earliest systematic exposition of the Vaisheshika is found in the […]
The Nyaya school was founded by Gautama with his Nyaya-sutra, but evolved greatly after that. The Nyaya school’s chief concern was epistemology. What is correct thinking, and how can we come to know reality? Only when we know the answers to these questions can we achieve liberation. How do we test if what we “know” corresponds […]
The Yoga darshana, founded by Patanjali in the 2nd century B.C., accepted the metaphysics of Samkhya, but added God. God was a perfect, eternal, omniscient being, and the highest object of meditation. The Yoga argument for God was as follows: Whatever comes in degrees must have a maximum. Knowledge comes in degrees, thus there must be […]
Samkhya is often credited to a Vedic sage named Kapila, whose dates are unknown. His philosophy had a major influence on other Indian darshanas, but disappeared as it was subsumed into Vedanta and Yoga.Of the astika (Vedic) views, Samkhya appears to be the oldest. It was a dualist view based on two fundamentally different types of being: purusha (soul) and prakriti(matter, energy, and agency). […]
Literature The period that followed Rig Vedic Age is known as Later Vedic Age.This age witnessed the composition of three later Veda Samhitas namely, the Samveda Samhita, the Yajurveda Samhita, the Atharvaveda Samhita as well as Brahmanas and the Upanishads of all the four Vedas. Expansion All these later Vedic texts were compiled in the […]
Aryans After the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic civilization flourished in India. The people who were responsible for the evolution of this civilization called themselves Aryas or Aryans. They entered into India from the north-west. They spoke the Indo-European languages from which modern languages like Sanskrit, Persian, Latin, Greek, and Gothic have developed. […]
The Harappan Civilization flourished around 2,500 B.C. in the western part of South Asia, in what today is Pakistan and western India.The Indus or the Harappan civilisation belongs to the Chalcolithic or Bronze Age since the objects of copper and stone were found at the various sites of this civilisation. Nearly, 1,400 Harappan sites are […]
Money is ever poor compensation for the physical, mental and psychological trauma suffered by the victim of an assault, more so in cases of sexual assault. It is therefore no surprise that the apex court should see insult being added to injury by the Madhya Pradesh government’s paying a miserly compensation of Rs 6,000 or […]
According to India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2017, released by Union environment minister Harsh Vardhan on February 12, 2018. India’s total forest cover is 708,273 sq.km (about 21.54% of India’s total GA) and tree cover is 93,815 sq.km (about 2.85% of the total GA).Taken together, it marks an increase of about 1% Forest and […]
In the Union Budget Estimate 2018-19, most schemes have been bolstered, but some have been cut. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojna INCREASED Revised Estimate, 2017-18 Budget Estimate, 2018-19 Change Rs 7,392 crore Rs 9,429 crore 27.56% Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna INCREASED Revised Estimate, 2017-18 Budget Estimate, 2018-19 Change Rs 16,900 crore Rs 19,000 crore […]