Nobel Prize 2021

Thirteen laureates were awarded a Nobel Prize in 2021, for achievements that have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind. Their work and discoveries range from the Earth’s climate and our sense of touch to efforts to safeguard freedom of expression.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021– It was shared among three scientists.

1. Syukuro Manabe– A Japanese by birth and presently affiliated to the Princeton University,  USA was conferred Nobel Prize “for the physical modelling of Earth’s climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming.”
2. Klaus Hasselmann– Born in Germany and presently affiliated to the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany was also conferred Nobel Prize “for the physical modelling of Earth’s climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming.”
3. Giorgio Parisi– Born in Rome, Italy and presently affiliated to Sapienza University of Rome, Italy “for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales.”

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021

It was shared between two scientists.

1. Benjamin List– Born in Germany and presently affiliated to the Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany was conferred the Prize “for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis.”
2. David W.C. MacMillan– Born in the United Kingdom and presently affiliated to the Princeton University, USA was awarded the prize “for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis.”

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021 was shared between two scientists:

1. David Julius– Born in New York and presently affiliated to the University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA was awarded the prize “for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch.”
2. Ardem Patapoutian– Born in Beirut, Lebanon and presently affiliated with Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA was awarded “for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch.”

The Nobel Prize in Literature 2021

Abdulrazak Gurnah– Born in  Zanzibar and presently residing in the United Kingdom was awarded Nobel Prize in literature “for his uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee in the gulf between cultures and continents.”

The Nobel Peace Prize 2021

Maria Ressa– Born in Manila, Philippines Nobel Peace Prize “for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace.”

The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2021

The award was shared among three economists.

1. David Card– Born in Canada and presently affiliated with University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA was awarded “for his empirical contributions to labour economics.”
2. Joshua D. Angrist– Born in USA and presently affiliated to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA was conferred the Prize “for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships.”
3. Guido W. Imbens– Born in the Netherlands, and presently affiliated to the Stanford University, USA was conferred the Prize “for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships.”

About Nobel Prize

Nobel Prize is a prestigious prize awarded separately in six different fields “to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind”. Originally, the prize was awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. The Peace Prize was characterised as “to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses”. Later in 1968, a sixth prize was added in the field of economic sciences. The Prize is officially not a Nobel Prize but it is called as “The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel”. It was established by Sveriges Riksbank (Sweden’s central bank).